解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:BACKGROUND:4-10% of the general population and 20% of primary care patients have what are called "non-specific, functional, and somatoform bodily complaints." These often take a chronic course, markedly impair the sufferers' quality of life, and give rise to high costs. They can be made worse by inappropriate behavior ...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2012.0803
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Autopsy studies of persons who died of cancer have shown the lungs to be the sole site of metastasis in about 20% of cases. The resection of pulmonary metastases is indicated for palliative purposes if they contain a large volume of necrotic tumor, infiltrate the thoracic wall to produce pain, or cause hem...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2012.0645
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Military missions abroad carry a high risk of psychological traumatization. In this study, we examined the reasons for increased utilization of the treatments offered to soldiers by the German armed forces' psychiatric services. METHOD:We analyzed trends in initial contacts with psychiatrists and psychoth...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2012.0569
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The past decade has seen much progress in intrauterine surgery. Randomized trials have documented the benefit of some procedures of this type for the unborn child. METHOD:Selective literature review RESULTS:Randomized trials have demonstrated the benefit of fetoscopic laser coagulation of placental anastom...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2012.0603
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With improved cure rates of cancer in children and adolescents, the long-term effects of oncological treatment, including impaired fertility, have become an important clinical issue. METHODS:In 2008, we conducted a nationwide survey in Germany in which we asked 4689 female and male patients who had been tre...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2012.0126
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:5% to 8% of 70-year-olds and some 10% of persons over age 80 have atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS:Selective literature review. RESULTS:New scoring schemes (CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score, HAS-BLED score) have been introduced to enable more accurate estimation of the risk of stroke and hemorrhage in patients with...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2012.0001
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Infections with multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria are hard to treat and cause high morbidity and mortality. The direct transmission of such pathogens is well documented, and measures to protect other patients would seem indicated. Nonetheless, evidence-based recommendations are not yet available bec...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2012.0039
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High-altitude travel, for mountain climbing, trekking, or sightseeing, has become very popular. Therefore, the awareness of its dangers has increased, and many prospective travelers seek medical advice before setting forth on their trip. METHODS:We selectively searched the literature for relevant original a...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0839
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Current guidelines recommend using aspirin, clopidogrel, beta-blockers, statins, and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Although there is evidence that patients often stop taking these medications prematurely, long-term data reflecting the actual reality o...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0856
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a common condition among the elderly, is defined as a deterioration of memory, attention, and cognitive function that exceeds what would be expected for the individual's age and level of education, yet does not interfere significantly with the activities of daily living. MCI ...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0743
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The many varieties of cystic pancreatic tumor, and especially intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia (IPMN), have attracted increased attention recently. Their incidence may be rising, and their histopathological evaluation and classification have become more precise than before. METHODS:We discuss the cu...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0788
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Many psychotropic drugs can delay cardiac repolarization and thereby prolong the rate-corrected QT interval (QTc). A prolonged QTc often arouses concern in clinical practice, as it can be followed, in rare cases, by the life-threatening polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmia called torsade de pointes (TdP...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0687
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An estimated 200 to 500 patients develop life-threatening acute liver failure (ALF) in Germany each year. Only sparse data are currently available on the epidemiology and causes of this condition and on potential treatments for it. This article summarizes our current knowledge of the causes, clinical course,...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0714
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with ovarian cancer usually present to a family physician with nonspecific symptoms, most often abdominal pain. The outcome depends above all on the stage of the disease when it is diagnosed and on the quality of treatment. METHODS:This article is based on a review of selected publications from 200...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0635
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The incidence of sudden cardiac death in persons under age 40 is roughly 3 per 100 000 persons per year in Germany and North America. Many of these deaths are found to be due to hereditary heart diseases, often a primary structural heart disease associated with arrhythmia or else a primary arrhythmia syndrom...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0623
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The German Federal Law on Radiation Control contains no special provisions for X-ray studies in children and adolescents, even though exposure to ionizing radiation must be kept especially low in young persons, because their tissues are highly radiosensitive. Children, who have many years left to live, are m...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0407
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Women over age 65 with breast cancer are often not treated in accordance with current guidelines as far as adjuvant therapy is concerned, because of the lack of adequate scientific evidence. METHODS:This article is based on a selective review of pertinent literature retrieved by a PubMed search, as well as ...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0365
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dermatologists, paediatricians, and general practitioners are often consulted by worried parents for the evaluation of a cutaneous tumor. METHODS:Selective literature review. RESULTS:Only 1-2% of skin tumors excised in children turn out to be malignant when examined histologically. Warning signs of maligna...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0347
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Psychiatric emergencies such as acute psychomotor agitation or suicidality often arise in non-psychiatric settings such as general hospitals, emergency services, or doctors' offices and give rise to stress for all persons involved. They may be life-threatening and must therefore be treated at once. In this a...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0222
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Eliminating measles in Europe by 2015 is a WHO health goal. In Germany, physicians are legally required to report measles cases, yet it seems likely that reporting is less than universal. The goal of this study is to compare the number of measles cases that are reflected by data from the statutory health ins...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0191
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sunlight induces a wide variety of dermatoses. Their differential diagnosis is problematic not only because of similar phenotypes, but also because of confusing nomenclature and classification. METHODS:We selectively reviewed the literature of the past 20 years and describe the modern nosology of photoderma...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0135
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The diagnosis of soft-tissue sarcomas of the limbs is often delayed, sometimes markedly so, even though prompt and appropriate treatment improves survival and lowers the amputation rate. METHODS:On the basis of a selective literature review and consideration of the relevant guidelines, we developed an algor...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0032
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multi-center observational studies in surgery can yield important findings, as long as they are appropriately designed and monitored and employ modern methods of statistical analysis. METHODS:In a multi-center quality assurance study carried out in 346 German hospitals from 2000 to 2004, data were collected...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0041
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Scoliosis is a three-dimensional deviation of the spinal axis. The main diagnostic criterion is spinal curvature exceeding 10° on a plain anteroposterior X-ray image. Scoliosis is called idiopathic when no other underlying disease can be identified. METHODS:Selective literature review and recommendations of...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0875
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In this study, we investigated the measures currently being taken in German hospitals to prevent infection with methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). To this end, we circulated a questionnaire among hospitals participating in the MRSA-KISS module. "KISS" in the name of this project s...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0631
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Avulsed frontal teeth often cannot be saved because of improper or lack of initial treatment. The result is a need for multiple interventions over the patient's lifetime, which also carry a high financial cost. METHODS:We explored the subject of lost anterior teeth in young patients with a PubMed search bas...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2011.0565
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent years have seen a further decline in the nationwide case fatality rate after major trauma in Germany, but it has not been clear until now whether all centers providing trauma care achieve comparable results. We have attempted to answer this question using data from the trauma registry of the German So...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0463
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist dextromethorphan has been available in pharmacies without a prescription since 1954 as an antitussive agent. There is an alarming increase in reports of its abuse. Dextromethorphan is avidly taken, mainly by young people, as a psychoactive drug. The currently availa...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0537
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia, including aggressiveness, agitation, depression, and apathy are often treated with psychotropic drugs and are a frequent reason for hospitalization, placing an economic burden on the health care system. International guidelines recommend syndrome-specific pharmacoth...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0320
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the leading reasons for treatment in adult primary care medicine, accounting for a considerable percentage of antibiotic prescriptions. Because this problem is so common and so significant in routine clinical practice, a high level of diagnostic accuracy is essential....
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0361
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Isolated non-compaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM) was first described in 1984. This disorder, a primary genetic cardiomyopathy, is now attracting increased attention. METHOD:The current state of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of NCCM are d...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0206
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The treatment options for bcr-abl positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) include chemotherapy, immune therapy, allogeneic stem cell transplantation, and molecular therapy. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib was approved for the treatment of CML in 2002. Data from clinical trials allow a comparison o...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0114
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Even in industrialized countries, health care is not as safe as it should be. The term "patient safety" denotes the non-occurrence of adverse events and the presence of measures to prevent them. METHODS:The literature was selectively reviewed to obtain information on the epidemiology and causes of preventab...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0092
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The effects of rectal surgery on patients' postoperative quality of life (QOL) and sexual function has been little studied to date. The present study aims to address this issue. METHODS:519 patients who had undergone surgery for rectal cancer from January 1997 to January 2003 were included in the study. The...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0123
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adverse drug events (ADE) are a common cause of hospital admission as well as a common complication of inpatient care. The current reporting systems in Germany are of only limited use for the identification of ADE. The aim of this study is to examine the potential usefulness of ICD-10 coded diagnoses in rout...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0023
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:When reading reports of medical research findings, one is usually confronted with p-values. Publications typically contain not just one p-value, but an abundance of them, mostly accompanied by the word "significant." This article is intended to help readers understand the problem of multiple p-values and how...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2010.0050
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As of 1 April 2007, pharmacists in Germany filling prescriptions covered by the statutory health insurance system (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung, GKV) are required, whenever possible, to dispense a preparation that contains the same active substance and for which a rebate contract is in effect. The physici...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2009.0783
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Overweight and obesity are generally thought to elevate morbidity and mortality. New data call this supposed association into question. METHODS:The Cochrane, Pubmed, and other databases were systematically searched for a combination of relevant terms and subject headings. Meta-analyses and cohort studies ba...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2009.0641
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stroke is the third most common cause of death in industrialized countries, accounting for more than 10% of deaths over age 65. Most strokes are due to arteriosclerosis. Regular physical activity lowers arterial blood pressure and body weight and improves glucose and lipid metabolism, thereby slowing the dev...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3238/arztbl.2009.0715
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) with a maximal diameter of 3 cm or more is age-dependent; among persons over age 65, it lies between 4% and 8% in men and between 0.5% and 1.5% in women. About 10% of all AAAs have a maximum diameter of 5 cm or more. The prognosis of ruptured AAA (rAAA) is d...
journal_title:Deutsches Arzteblatt international
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.3238/arztebl.2009.0657
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00